December 3rd

 

Christmas Urban Legends: the Music of Christmas

By Paige Wessel

Frosted windowpanes, candles gleaming inside, painted candy canes on the tree –it’s that time of year when the world falls in love with the music of Christmas.
            We sing the lyrics, no matter how ridiculous or sentimental they might seem, but do we ever wonder where Rudolph and the wassail came from?

After some research, I’ve discovered some interesting urban legends and myths surrounding the origins of certain Christmas songs.

“Jingle Bells”

            We’ll start the discussion with a shocking revelation: “Jingle Bells” may not be a Christmas song at all. (I know, I’m feeling feclemmed. Talk amongst yourselves)

            The song was written by James Pierpoint, a Boston native, in the late 1850s. One legend claims that Pierpoint wrote the song for children to perform at a church Thanksgiving program. Due to its popularity, the children were asked to repeat the performance at Christmas, thus ensuring the song’s place in the Christmas tradition.

            Another story, as told by Bob Bankard of PhillyBurbs, claims the song is “the 19th Century equivalent of ‘Little Deuce Coupe.’”

            According to Bankard, Pierpoint’s song pays tribute to the practice of “cutter drag races in Boston,” where the sleigh drivers would race between Medford and Malden Squares in an attempt to pick up chicks. Though it may be hard to imagine an 1850’s Pierpoint channeling that pre-rock-n-roll persona, odder tales are to come.

“Rudolph the Red Nosed Reindeer”

            What would the clayamation classic, Rudolph the Red Nosed Reindeer (1967), be without its title song? It may be surprising to know that the Rudolph story actually originated as a part of a store’s Christmas advertising campaign.

            In 1939, Montgomery Ward asked then 34-year-old Robert L. May, one of their copywriters, to create a Christmas story book that could be distributed to shoppers as a promotional device. May took Denver Gillen, an acquaintance from Montgomery Ward’s art department, to the Lincoln Park Zoo to sketch some deer, where Gillen added a red nose to the deer. The final product combined these sketches with Ward’s words to great success. By 1946, Montgomery Ward had distributed 6 million copies of the Rudolph booklet.

            Although the Rudolph character grew in popularity and demand in the post-war period, May did not originally receive any royalties for the character since Montgomery Ward actually owned the copyright. Finally, faced with piling medical bills from his wife’s terminal illness, an extremely poor May convinced Montgomery Ward’s corporate president Sewell Avery to sign over the copyright to him in January 1947.

            With the copyright in hand, May persuaded his brother-in-law, songwriter Johnny Marks, to compose a song about Rudolph, which would be recorded by Gene Autry in 1949. That year, the song sold two million copies and later became one of the “best-selling songs of all-time,” fulfilling the song’s promise that Rudolph would “go down in history.”

“White Christmas”

            It’s hard to discuss Christmas music without mentioning “White Christmas,” the best-selling Christmas single of all time.

            Irving Berlin, a famous songwriter who wrote “God Bless America” among other hits, composed “White Christmas” for the 1942 movie Holiday Inn starring Bing Crosby and Fred Astaire. The song originated from a request that Berlin write a song about each major holiday in the year for the film. Though he found writing a song about Christmas to be the most challenging part of this assignment, Crosby heard the song and assured Berlin that he had a hit on his hands.

            The song debuted in the midst of World War II and struck a chord with the war-torn public with its peaceful melody and lyrics about “the ones we used to know.” Bing’s recording of the song topped the charts for 11 straight weeks, and the song’s popularity inspired the 1954 movie White Christmas.

            Though the film was to reunite Crosby and Astaire for another Berlin song and dance story, Astaire declined working on the film after reading the script. Though Donald O’Connor was to replace Astaire, a back injury prevented him from filming. Ultimately, Danny Kaye joined Crosby on the film, which became the top box-office draw of the year, and I would argue a better film than Holiday Inn.
            Crosby’s version of “White Christmas” has maintained its popularity to this day, selling more than 30 million copies worldwide. It held the honor of being the best-selling single of any music category for more than 50 years until 1998 when Elton John’s Princess Diana tribute piece “Candle in the Wind” surpassed it in sales.

“Silent Night”

            Several myths surround the origin of “Silent Night,” a song translated from the early 19th century German carol “Stille Nacht.” The song was first performed to the strains of a guitar at a Midnight Mass in the St. Nicholas Church in Oberndorf, Austria in 1818. Joseph Mohr, assistant pastor and author of the lyrics, and Franz Gruber, choir director and composer of the song, led the choir through the six verses of the carol, repeating the last two lines of each verse in four-part harmony.

            Myths surrounding the carol claim that Mohr and Gruber were forced to use the guitar when mice ate the bellows of the organ, rendering it useless. Another story claims Mohr composed the song in haste when an organ malfunction was brought to his attention. Still another tale claims that Mohr simply wanted a new carol that Christmas, and his love of guitar music prompted the switch in accompaniment.

            Regardless, the song began its journey around the world with the help of Karl Mauracher, “master organ builder and repairman.” Mauracher came to Oberndoff to work on the St. Nicholas organ regularly, and he requested a copy of the tune to take home to the Ziller Valley with him. It was here that traveling families of folk singers, similar to the famous Trapp Family Singers of “The Sound of Music,” took the song and adapted the melody into the tune we are familiar with today.

            By the 1840’s, “Stille Nacht” had reached audiences in Great Britain, America, and Germany. It became a favorite of the royals, including King Frederick William IV of Prussia who would have the Cathedral Choir perform the song each Christmas.

As the song grew in popularity, Mohr was credited with the words, but a large debate arose over who had composed the song. Despite Gruber’s claims that he was the composer, people believed the song was actually a work of more famous musicians like Haydn, Mozart or Beethoven. These rumors continued into the 1900’s until an original manuscript of the carol was discovered that credited Gruber in the upper right hand corner of the piece with the words “Melodie von Fr. Xav. Gruber.”

More Urban Legends

            If these stories have sparked your interest, you may enjoy reading Bob Bankard’s article on Christmas music myths at www.phillyburbs.com/christmascarols.

This Web site provides background on 23 Christmas tunes, researching myths and legends that include:

-“O Holy Night”: a song denounced by the church at the time for “lack of musical taste and ‘total absence of the spirit of religion’?”

-“The Twelve Days of Christmas”: Was the song used as a part of a drinking game or to promote underground Catechism?

-“The Wassail Song”: Did this song have its origins in Druidism and rituals offering bread soaked in “wassail” to the trees?

So as you curl up in front of the fire and listen to your favorite holiday tunes, be reminded of the long-standing mystique surrounding these songs that’s all part of the magic of Christmas.


Need something to watch while home alone?
       
Here are our top picks of must-see holiday films

By Paige Wessel

One of my favorite things about the holiday season (besides the Christmas cookies) are all the wonderful holiday films on television.  Many have been made but here are a few of my favorites:

Holiday Inn (1944)

This one is a big favorite in my family.  Bing Crosby and Fred Astaire are two entertainers in pursuit of the same woman.  Unfortunately, love, like a mean game of kickball, can only have one winner.  But there is lots of singing and dancing to some wonderful Irving Berlin numbers, each connected to a different holiday. 

It’s A Wonderful Life (1947)

I cannot get past the opening scenes of this movie without tearing up.  Frank Capra’s “It’s a Wonderful Life” tells the story of George Bailey (played wonderfully by Jimmy Stewart).  Bailey spends an evening seeing what life would look like without him. 

Funnily enough, when it came out this film was not all that popular.  Due to a copyrighting quirk, the film was shown repeatedly on television and it found a whole new following.  If you have never seen this film (first of all, where have you been?!) watch it, with a box of Kleenex, of course. 

Miracle on 34th Street (1947)

The original “Miracle on 34th Street” stars the lovely Maureen O’Hara and a young Natalie Wood.  It centers on the adventures of a certain Kris Kringle who gets a job playing Santa Claus at Macy's department store in New York City.  Then, in the tradition of great American cinema, there is a dramatic legal trial and some Christmas romance. 

White Christmas (1954)

This film stars Bing Crosby, Danny Kaye and Rosemary Clooney in a singing and dancing extravaganza.  Sure there is a plot, but who cares?  When I watch this holiday film, I am normally too busy singing along and trying to recreate the “Sisters” number using a sofa cushion as my fan to pay attention to such a trivial thing as plot.  In my mind, it is incredible that a film created entirely around the song “White Christmas” is still wonderfully popular 50 years after it was first released. 

A Christmas Story (1983)

Every year without fail, a sweet little tale about a young man and his official Red Ryder, carbine action, 200 shot range model air rifle is shown over and over and over again on the television.  Christmas would not be the same without the little boy’s tongue frozen to the flagpole, the infamous leg lamp, and the bunny pajamas that are all part of “A Christmas Story”’s charm. 

A Muppet Christmas Carol (1992)

I think if Charles Dickens was going to make a film adaptation of his classic novel “A Christmas Carol” he would pick the Muppets to interpret his work.  This film combines all the usual elements of “A Christmas Carol”: Ebenezer Scrooge and his visits from the Christmas ghosts, with Kermit, Miss Piggy and the whole Muppet gang.  The film is also full of wonderfully catchy musical numbers. 

Love Actually (2003)

Not many would consider this movie a “Christmas movie,” but I think it deserves to be included in this list.  Eight different stories of love are happening simultaneously over a six-week period before Christmas.  The film shows us that there are all different types of love and sometimes you win and sometimes you lose but life goes on and “love actually is all around.” 

There are so many wonderful holiday films.  It would be a crime if I did not mention the following films: 

A Charlie Brown Christmas (1965) No film better illustrates the true meaning of the holiday season.  Linus’ speech on the meaning of Christmas makes me tear up every time I watch it. 

How the Grinch Stole Christmas (1966) The original film with narration by Boris Karloff is excellent in my mind. Much better then the Jim Carrey remake. 

National Lampoon’s Christmas Vacation (1989) Spending two hours with the Griswold family makes spending the rest of the holidays with your own family not seem so bad.   

Home Alone (1990)  Cute lil’ Macaulay Culkin is left at home for the holidays.  The first installment of “Home Alone” is definitely better then the second but both are some nice frivolous fun. 

The Santa Clause (1994) Tim Allen takes on the role of Santa Claus after the real Santa Claus falls off his roof. 

The Family Man (2000)  Not considered a great holiday classic, “Family Man” is one of my favorites.  Nicholas Cage falls asleep Christmas Eve only to awaken the next morning to see what his life would have been like if he had taken a different path 13 years ago. 


Hottest Holiday Gifts of 2004
      

By Heather Shaffer and Stephanie Orr

Stuck on finding that perfect gift for the college-aged friend or significant other?  This list of the ten hottest holiday gifts of 2004 is sure to give you some good ideas for everyone on your gift-giving list.

 Apple iPod Mini

The ultimate tool for the music lover in your life! The current leader in portable mp3 players, the Apple iPod comes with 20 or 40 gigabytes of memory and weighs between 5.6 and 6.2 ounces. That means you can carry 5,000 – 10,000 of your favorite songs everywhere you go! The iPod is compatible with both MAC and PC, and comes with easy to use software to get your music library started.

Where to get it: www.bestbuy.com

Price: $299.99 - $399.99

Halo 2 Limited Collectors Edition

                By far the hottest-selling videogame of the year, Halo 2 is close to being the biggest selling game of all time.  On its release date, Halo 2 made $100 million in sales. In Halo 2, genetically enhanced super soldier Master Chief is humankind’s final protector against the relentless alien Covenant. This limited edition collectable box set of Halo 2 includes the game, a DVD of behind-the-scenes video its production, galleries of art representing the game from its first concept to finished work, commentaries from members of the production team and cut-scenes and trailers from the two games.

Where to get it: www.bestbuy.com

Price: $54.99

Half-life 2

This newly-released PC game is the sequel to the award-winning game Half-life (1998).  It is the story of the research scientist Gordon Freeman who is thrust into the role of saving Earth from aliens who are depleting Earth’s resources and destroying its populace.  This game is one of the first to be offered both in the stores and on the website www.steampowered.com.

Where to get it: www.bestbuy.com

Price: $54.99         

Shrek 2 on DVD

The sequel to Dreamworks Studio’s smash hit, Shrek, Shrek 2 is a comedy people of all ages can enjoy. Mike Myers, Cameron Diaz, Antonio Banderas and many other top Hollywood actors voice the extensive, computer animated cast. The DVD comes with a ton of features, including the interactive “Far Far Away Idol!” 

Where to get it: www.circuitcity.com

Price: $17.99

 The Daily Show with Jon Stewart Presents America (The Book): A Citizen's Guide to Democracy Inaction

The writers of The Daily Show and its host, Jon Stewart, have written a guide to American Government, offering insights with their trademark humor. This hardcover, 240 page guide was described by Publishers Weekly as “Cheeky, irreverent and playfully ingenuous.”

Where to get it: www.barnesandnoble.com

Price: $14.97

 Fun Pens

Give that someone special one of these decidedly different pens for the holiday! One of the fun pens features a 20 second built-in laugh track perfect for those funny moments. The other features a massaging end that is activated by being held against a pressure point and comes with instructions on how to reduce stress. Both pens are refillable and come with batteries included.

Where to get it: www.redenvelope.com

Price: $20 each

 Bosca Red Heart Key Ring

Made from red Italian leather, this key ring is a great way to show you care. Polished steel accents set off the heart-shaped grip.

Where to get it: www.ashford.com

Price: $20.00

 Rubik’s Photo Cube

Remember those impossible puzzle cubes we all used to love? Well, this holiday season you can personalize one for the puzzle lover in your life! Just choose six of your favorite photos and Wal-Mart.com will do the rest.

Where to get it: www.walmart.com

Price: $19.97

 Harry Potter and the Prisoner of Azkaban

                This third video in the story of young wizard-in-training Harry Potter is a sure bet for any Harry Potter fan on your list!  In this movie, Harry Potter and his friends Ron and Hermione return to Hogwarts School of Witchcraft and Wizardry as teenagers in their third year of study.  Sirius Black is on the loose and potentially coming after Harry at Hogwarts.  The movie is based on the best-selling novel by J. K. Rowling.

Where to get it: www.bestbuy.com

Price: $19.99

 Gift Cards

                Have someone on your list that is impossible to shop for? Want to get them something you know they’ll love? Get them a gift card! Available from most stores, gift cards are a great way to give friends and family the freedom to get what they want.

Where to get it: Wherever you know they love to shop!

Price: Varies because it’s up to you!


Welcome to Delicious Dish
       
The Journal Staff shares some of our favorite recipes

 

Green Stuff - Submitted by Stephanie Orr

Ingredients

1 can crushed pineapple

1 small box pf pistachio pudding

1 cup if mini-marshmallows

8 ounces of cool whip

 Directions

Put the crushed pineapple, juice and all, into a medium bowl and add the pistachio pudding mix, stirring well. Add the marshmallows and cool whip to the bowl and mix until blended. Cover and place in the refrigerator for about an hour. Serve.

Prep. Time: about 5 minutes


Maman’s Rum Cake - Submitted by Gabrielle Wiegand

1 package yellow cake mix

1 package instant vanilla pudding

¾ Cup rum

½ Cup oil

3 eggs

½ Cup chopped nuts

Preheat oven to the temperature specified by the cake mix.  Grease bundt pan (which is one of those round pans with the hole in the middle… Think of “My Big Fat Greek Wedding” where the in-laws brought a bundt cake and then the Greek mother fills the hole in the middle with a potted geranium.  Mix cake mix, pudding, rum, oil, eggs and nuts together.  Bake for an hour.  Cool, then glaze. 

Glaze:

1 stick margarine

¼ Cup water

1 Cup sugar

2 ounces rum

Mix margarine, water and sugar.  Boil one minute then let cool.  Once cool, add rum and pour over cake (it is best to make the glaze a day ahead- or so my mother says). 

Serves 10-12


           Banana Nut Bread - Submitted by Tom Cronin

Ingredients:

¾ cup coarsely chopped walnuts (3 ounces)

1 ¼ cups unbleached all-purpose flower

1 teaspoon baking soda

½ teaspoon cinnamon

½ teaspoon salt

1 cup sugar

2 large eggs

½ cup canola oil

3 medium overripe bananas, mashed (1 ¼ cups)

1 teaspoon pure vanilla extract

Directions:

Preheat the oven to 350 F. Coat a 9-by-5-inch loaf pan with cooking spray. Spread the walnuts in a pie pan and toast in the oven for 5 to 8 minutes, or until fragrant; let cool.

In a medium bowl, whisk the flour with the baking soda, cinnamon and salt. In another bowl, combine the sugar, eggs and oil, and beat at high speed until light-colored and creamy. Add the mashed bananas and vanilla and beat until smooth. Stir in the dry ingredients until thoroughly blended. Fold in the nuts.

Pour the batter into the prepared pan and bake in the middle of the oven for 50 to 60 minutes, or until the top is springy and a cake tester inserted in the center comes out clean. Let the loaf cool in the pan for 10 minutes before turning it out onto a rack to cool completely.


Snow Cream - Submitted by Janee Mitchell

Ingredients: 1 pot of fresh clean snow

                  ½ can of canned or evaporated milk

                  3 cups of sugar- or to your taste

                  3 teaspoons of vanilla extract

                    1 teaspoon of cinnamon or nutmeg

Instructions: Mix the above ingredients in a bowl and freeze for one hour or until stiff like ice cream.


Egg Pie - Submitted by Janee Mitchell

Ingredients: 1 ready-made pie crust

                  4 large eggs

                  ½ can of condensed milk

                     1 teaspoon of nutmeg

                     1 teaspoon of cinnamon

                     2 cups of sugar

Instructions: Mix contents and pour into ready-made pie crust. Cook in preheated oven at 350º for 20- 30 minutes.


Holiday Stories
      

Gabrielle Wiegand

This past Thanksgiving, I went home to visit my parents, looking forward to a stress free and relaxing Turkey Day.  Around 10:30 a.m., I helped my mother put the bird in the oven and we were busy preparing pies and side dishes when the electricity went out in our subdivision.  We frantically called the power company, only to be informed by a machine that they were working on the problem.  Hours later, the electricity was back and our dinner was only postponed by several hours.  Needless to say, I now have a new appreciation for Benjamin Franklin.

 Mallory Medved

This holiday season, I’m most thankful for being able to walk away from a Thanksgiving Eve car accident on a snow-covered I-55.  The driver in front of me spun out and my tires couldn’t brake on the unplowed highway.  Even though my beloved Chevy Cavalier was totaled, I escaped with only a split lip, bruises and a burn from the airbag.  I’m also thankful for the paramedics from the Lexington Fire Department, who let me sit in their ambulance until my parents were able to reach me.  Though it ultimately took over 10 hours to get from UIS to the Chicago suburbs, as I sat down to Thanksgiving dinner with my family the next day, I knew I was lucky to have made it home at all.

 Janee Mitchell

My best holiday moment was during the Christmas season last year. My mom, cousins Etoya and Destiny, my aunt Patricia and I went to my grandfather’s house in Nashville, Tenn.  I had never seen the house before and I never knew it would be so big and beautiful. The house was on a huge plot of land set aside from town and all the homes were about a mile apart.

My mother and I had argued all the way there. I didn’t let that damper my spirits though, because my 10-year-old cousin Destiny made jokes about her the whole trip. I should not have laughed at them but they were just so funny.

My mother broke her stepmother’s bed, my cousins and I taught my uncle Pumpkin a new dance step, Etoya and I crept our way into Granddad’s closet to play with his shotgun, we listened to old war stories about Grandfather Petway’s unlikely journey for his country and ate huge meals in which everything was country (country ham, country bacon, etc.).

 This holiday experience may seem weird to normal families, but not mine. This was my best holiday moment because it was my last moment with my grandfather before he died.

 Paige Wassel

Finding the proper Christmas tree is a time-honored tradition at the Wassel household.

After the appropriate pine is selected from a Christmas tree farm, it is cut down, taken home, and sized to fit the Christmas tree stand, which is an elaborate measuring process involving several rounds of “does this look straight?”

Next, a strategy is developed to ensure minimum needle loss on the way to the living room, and the tree is put into place. After carefully fastening the string of large, old-fashioned colored bulbs, the ornaments are hung with care and the angel is carefully centered on top of the tree.

That particular Christmas, we had just finished the yearly ritual and I sat on the sofa to admire the holiday decor. Suddenly, I heard a strange noise and noticed ornaments moving at the top of the tree. On closer inspection, I discovered an unwelcome addition to our Christmas tree: a small grey field mouse.

Unwilling to remove the Christmas tree finery, we decided that one of the cats might dispose of the creature in a less obtrusive manner. The grey tabby named Edgar was volunteered for the job, but upon entering the living room, he promptly sat down on the sofa and began to lick his paws.

After receiving some encouragement, Edgar eventually scared the mouse out of the tree, but his poor reflexes and general disinterest prevented him from catching the vermin. Following several minutes of cat and mouse games, the mouse returned to the tree.

Dad decided put Edgar outside and take matters into his own hands. He strapped on a thick pair of gloves, approached the tree, and began probing the branches for the mouse. On the fifth attempt, Dad captured the creature and went outside to carefully release him. Two seconds later, Edgar promptly jumped on the mouse and ate it.

Now, we have added, “inspecting the tree for mice” to our Christmas tree tradition, and so far, we have been successful in keeping out any more unwanted guests.

 Tom Cronin

It was around this time last year when I decided that the readers of The Journal needed something a little different from the campus news that I was serving up every week. I thought that I would give the readers something special: an exclusive interview with a prominent man who had managed to evade the media for far too many years. The man I’m referring to is Santa Claus.

After nearly a month of unreturned phone calls from the North Pole, I reached the conclusion that if I ever wanted to interview Mr. Claus, I would have to go to the North Pole and track him down in person. So, I flew up to the North Pole and found my way to Santa’s workshop. I walked in and found myself in an office not much different from most of the administrative offices at UIS. I explained to the secretary sitting at the front desk that I really needed to talk to Mr. Claus within the next few days. The secretary reminded me that Christmas was less than four weeks away and that Mr. Claus would not be available for any interviews until Dec. 29.

Now, I had been accustomed to sometimes having to wait a week or two before having the opportunity to interview someone face-to-face, and I still am. But this was ridiculous. I might have been able to understand waiting so long to talk to a UIS administrator or faculty member because their magical powers are limited to the collegiate atmosphere, but such a wait for someone capable of delivering presents to millions, if not billions, of people in one night was inexcusable.

I went ahead and scheduled the interview for Dec. 29 and attempted to contact Mr. Claus via e-mail in the meantime. I sent an e-mail every day, but did not receive a reply – not even from that Grinch known as the Mailer-Daemon – until Christmas Day. I was informed that Mr. Claus had gone into his yearly hibernation immediately upon returning from his sleigh and would be completely unreachable until this fall.

I’ve put a lot of time into trying to track down Mr. Claus so far this semester – if you’re a professor who’s received a late paper from me, now you know that this is the reason – and I regret to inform the readers of this publication that I was unable to land an interview with Mr. Claus before this issue went to press. But I won’t give up. I know that the truth is out there. I know that if I try hard enough, you will find an article in The Journal next semester with the details of my exclusive Santa Claus interview. If not, perhaps what you’ll find will be even more surprising.

Heather Shaffer

Every holiday with my family and friends is a special and memorable time.  This Thanksgiving was particularly memorable because it was my first attempt to have a holiday away from home. 

            While shopping at Wal-mart, my roommate, my boyfriend and I decided to buy a turkey and all the trimmings to cook as a special pre-Thanksgiving dinner before we left for Thanksgiving Break.  We bought our cute little three-pound Butterball turkey, stuffing, mashed potatoes, rolls, ingredients to make pumpkin pie—the works!  We stored the ingredients with eager anticipation of our big meal.

            After several attempts to schedule the big event, we ultimately decided on the Sunday before we left for break.  When the day rolled around, my roommate was at work and my boyfriend and I decided to get a head-start on the cooking.  We hunted up the turkey and realized that instead of storing it in the freezer for the two-week period, the turkey was mistakenly put in the refrigerator. 

After much deliberation, my boyfriend and I decided we did not want to risk getting salmonella or something similar right before the biggest tummy-stuffing holiday of the year.  So in an attempt to save the day, we traveled to Jewel-Osco and bought another three-pound bird.  This one, however, was frozen solid, which added about another hour to our already delayed cooking time. 

We started cooking the turkey and when my roommate returned from work we worked on the trimmings and pie.  Apparently it is some universally-known fact that when you mix up pumpkin pie, the batch makes two pies.  Not knowing this, we ended up with two whole pumpkin pies for three people.

The meal was finally done around 10:30 p.m., after about fiv hours of preparations, and we sat down to eat.  The food was delicious and with some wine and nice holiday music, it turned out to be by far the best meal I’ve had all semester.  I couldn’t have asked for a better meal to get me into the Thanksgiving spirit.

 

 

 

 

 

 

FEATURE

 

 

Email The Journal

Archives (Under Construction)

Current Journal Home Page

UIS Home Page

 
   
The Journal, UIS, Student Life Building, Room 22, Springfield, IL 62703 :: journal@uis.edu :: (217) 206-NEWS